LIOS Technology - โซลูชั่นอุตสาหกรรมตรวจวัดอุณหภูมิแบบการกระจาย - ผลิตโดยประเทศเยอรมัน

บริษัท แอลไอโอเอส เทคโนโลยี จำกัด ซึ่งมีสำนักงานใหญ่ในโคโลญประเทศเยอรมันมีฐานะที่เป็นผู้นำระดับโลก ในการพัฒนาและผลิตระบบการตรวจวัดอุณหภูมิแบบการกระจายโดเมนความถี่แสงที่ทันสมัย​​ที่สุด  นอกจากเรามุ่งมั่นที่จะสร้างสรรค์นวัตกรรมและพัฒนาอุตสาหกรรมสายใยแก้วนำแสงเชิงเส้นแล้ว 

เรายังจัดทำโซลูชั่นการจัดการสินทรัพย์ที่ทันสมัย​​และการตรวจวัดทุกสถานการณ์สำหรับผู้ใช้ในอุตสาหกรรมต่างๆ 


ระบบการตรวจวัดอุณหภูมิแบบการกระจาย (DTS) ของบริษัท แอลไอโอเอส เทคโนโลยี จำกัดใช้สายใยแก้วนำแสงเป็นชิ้นส่วนเซ็นเซอร์เชิงเส้นเพื่อตรวจวัดอุณหภูมิ อุณหภูมิตามสายเคเบิ้ลใยแก้วเซ็นเซอร์ไม่เพียงแต่ถูกจดบันทึกไว้ด้วยวิธีการเป็นจุดข้อมูลเดียว และถูกจดบันทึกไว้ด้วยวิธีการกระจายอย่างต่อเนื่อง

Distributed Temperature Sensing: Optimum Utilization of Energy Transmission Backbone in Eastern Europe

LIOS Technology successfully provided an integrated thermal monitoring solution for a strategically important interconnection aerial line in Eastern Europe.

The LIOS DTS system was supplied to provide distributed temperature measurement by means of a fibre integrated into a replaced optical phase conductor (OPPC). The picture above shows a straight joint of the OPPC.
The DTS covers the entire 17 km range of the three-core bundle 400kV transmission line. The applied Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) principle ensures a temperature survey even over long distances at the decisive spatial resolution of 1 m.
It provides an invariant spatial resolution along the entire sensor length and a satisfactory temperature resolution of less than 1°C, which ensures early identification and clearly measurement of atypical hotspots (e.g. tower shadows). In addition to the phase conductor temperature, the electrical and metrological data are integral parameters for the established dynamic rating system (RTTR). All data are made online available through the SCADA system of the utility.
The integrated monitoring solution generates:

• Safety - Avoid and respond appropriately to critical load situations
• Optimization  - Utilize the existing grid capacity to an optimum
• Dynamic and Flexibility - With dynamic rating to a flexible energy backbone

Cigre Session 2012: Join 6000 Executives and Experts from the Worldwide Power Industry in Paris

LIOS Technology is pleased to cordially invite you to attend the CIGRE Technical Exhibition in Paris:

International Council on Large Electric Systems Technical Exhibition LIOS booth 232

27 - 31 AUGUST 2012, Palais des Congres de Paris, Paris, France 

 
LIOS Technology introduces its new EN.SURE DTS generation for Distributed Temperature Monitoring of Energy Transmission and Distribution Systems.
LIOS EN.SURE offers exact dynamic cable rating based on the real time temperature measurements along the entire cable circuit.
One single EN.SURE evaluation unit provides fast temperature sensing profiles with high spatial resolution along the optical fibre routes with monitoring ranges up to 40km per channel. It is the first maintenance free DTS which comes without any moving parts like fans or shutters.
 
» Register online for CIGRE Session 44 (technical exhibition included)
» Register online for CIGRE Technical Exhibition 

 

40 per Cent Increase in Power Transmission Capacity between Finland and Sweden

For two major North European utilities ( Fingrid Oyj and Svenska Kraftnät ) LIOS Technology provided its  most advanced multimode Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) systems to monitor the HVDC subsea link between the two utility grids. The electricity transmission connection is crossing the Gulf of Bothnia between southern Finland and Sweden.
The Fenno-Skan 2 HVDC project creates a new 800 MW, 500 kV subsea electricity transmission connection following a 200 km route.
It forms a bipolar arrangement with the existing 550 MW, 400 kV Fenno-Skan link, commissioned in 1989, providing a 40 % increase in power transmission capacity between the two countries.
The DTS systems provide real time distributed temperature sensing of the HVDC interconnecting subsea cable and land cables on both sides ensuring a save and stable grid operation.

私たちはあらゆるやり方で温度をとります。 – 光ファイバ温度分布計測システム – DTS

DTS（光ファイバ温度分布計測システム）

LIOS テクノロジー有限会社は、ドイツのケルンに拠点におく、国際的視野を持つダイナミックな会社です。 – NKT グループのメンバーです。LIOS は、分散温度監視システムに基づく最先端の周波数領域の開発と供給におけるグローバルリーダーです。 LIOSの 分散温度センサー(DTS) 製品ラインは、リニア温度測定器に基づくリアルタイム光ファイバーを有します。光ファイバーセンサー技術分野の革新的な開発を積み重ねながら、私たちは様 々な市場において、最新の資産運用及び世界的な状況監視のためのカスタマイズされたソリューションを提供しています。
 LIOSテクノロジー は、自社のDTS（光ファイバ温度分布計測システム）製品を様々なビジネスセグメントにおいて流通し、関連したアプリケーションや地理上の地域において、優勢なプレーヤーと提携してきています。LIOS テクノロジーは、積極的にセンサー技術を以下の垂直市場セグメントにおいて展開しています。 既に世界中で 2000以上の永久システム設置に成功しています。   :

• トンネルや特別危険建物の中での火災検知
• 高圧ケーブルとトランスミッションライン監視
• 石油ガスの探索-永久ダウンホール監視
• 産業用誘導電気炉の監視
• 液化天然ガスキャリアーとターミナルの完結性
• 堤防とダムでの漏水検知
• プラントと技術過程における温度監視 

テクノロジー
LIOS テクノロジーは、リニアセンサーとして機能する光ファイバ−によって温度を測定する分散温度センサー（ラマン DTS）システム を生産しています。温度はセンサーケーブルに沿って点ではなく、継続したプロファイルとして記録されます。測定時間は短いのですが、高精度な温度決定が長 距離であろうと広大な表面積であろうと、確実になされます。
 続きを読む ...

Real Time Condition Monitoring for Samsung Mobile Display’s New Production Line

Samsung Mobile Display Co., a venture between Samsung Electronics Co. and its sister unit Samsung SDI Co., are building a new plant that produces displays used in phone handsets and small televisions.
The plant in Asan city, 42 kilometres southwest of Seoul, South Korea, will be completed by July next year. Samsung Mobile Display plans to spend 2.5 trillion won (US$2.11 billion) on the plant.
The joint venture will produce active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AM OLED) displays, which are used in portable devices such as mobile phones and small TVs.
LIOS Technology recently completed the installation of its real time condition monitoring system supervising three 154kV high voltage cable systems on site. Condition monitoring is based on LIOS’ Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) System OTS20P with a 16 channel fibre switch.
The distributed temperature profiles of the energy transmission systems made by Prysmian Cables & Systems are measured in real time by embedded fibre optics using FIMT . The DTS readings are visualised at the central control and dispatch centre ensuring save operation and allowing exploitation of the high voltage cable routes at full capacity potential.
(with material of Yonhap )

Pipeline Monitoring – Locating leakages at oil and gas pipelines

Leaks occurring in underground pipelines constitute a substantial danger for both, human beings and the environment. Oil escaping from pipelines pollutes the earth and ground water.
Leaking gas creates the danger of fires and explosions. In addition, leaks bring about large economic losses. It is extremely important to locate leaks as soon as they occur and to be able to locate small leaks. Until now, monitoring systems have only reacted to large leaks and have not been able to pinpoint them accurately. Oil leaks cause temperature anomalies below the pipeline, whereas escaping gas induces a temperature decrease above the pipeline due to the easing of pressure.
Efficient leak location and the long-term monitoring of gas and oil pipelines can therefore be achieved by measuring the temperatures along a pipeline and observing how these temperatures vary over time. Optical-fibre, temperature-measuring technology presents new opportunities in this connection.
An optical-fibre, temperature-measuring cable is laid along a pipeline, enabling the temperatures in the ground to be measured simultaneously over long pipeline distances with a high degree of locational accuracy.
The sensor cable is completely passive electrically and can therefore by fitted to pipelines where a high risk of explosions exists.
The leakage-location principle by means of optical-fibre, temperature-measuring technology

Using optical-fibre, temperature measuring to monitor pipelines makes possible:

• The economical location of leakages and the long-term monitoring of pipelines

• The monitoring of pipeline sections up to 30 km long by means of a system

• The opportunity of linking individual systems to form an overall system to monitor longer sections if necessary

• The quantifying of leakage rates using model calculations

• It is not necessary to empty and clean the pipeline before inspecting it

• Shutting-down the pipeline is not necessary

• Small quantities of escaping oil can be exactly detected and located

• Damage can be identified in its early stages

The measuring system enables the temperature along a section of pipeline to be measured by using optical-fibre sensors. Temperature anomalies caused by leakages are identified via this system and the efficient location of leakages and long-term monitoring of gas and oil pipelines are thus made possible.
Read more:

• Distributed Temperature Sensing
• LNG and LPG Containment Integrity Monitoring Solutions

Distributed Temperature Sensing, the Motor for Tunnel Innovation and Safety in Croatia

Tunnels are sensitive traffic bottlenecks and consequently extraordinary vulnerable in case of accidents or fire blasts. Danger for life and enormous economic consequences ask also for technical solutions of prevention and limitation of damage.

LIOS Technology and its Croatian partner Tehnomobil have set a new standard for modern fire safety solutions for the road tunnel network in Croatia.

Croatia is located in South-Central Europe and shows diverse terrain, including: rolling hills in the continental north and northeast, densely wooded mountains and rocky coastlines on the Adriatic Sea. The highlight of Croatia's recent infrastructure developments is its rapidly growing highway network which puts focus on tunnels as well.

Tehnomobil’s excellent engineering and contracting background in traffic infrastructure and fire fighting industries perfectly match with LIOS Technology’s comprehensive experience in fire detection applications for tunnels and special hazard buildings with an impressive track record of more than 2000 installed fibre optic temperature sensing systems worldwide.

Best fire surveillance for more than 90 % of the road tunnels in Croatia

At present an impressive share of more than 90 % of the Croatian road tunnels are equipped with the fibre optic fire detection system by LIOS Technology. In 28 tunnels with in total 55 tunnel tubes the purely passive LIOS fibre optic line sensor cable has been installed by Tehnomobil for reliable and fast fire detection. Those tunnels with tube lengths ranging from 500m to almost 6000m were newly opened in recent years or re-opened after full refurbishments where the conventional line type fire detection system could be replaced by the fibre optic LIOS system. Within LIOS Technology’s long list of tunnel projects in Croatia it is worth to stress the tunnels Veliki Glozac and Brinje which received best scores at recent European tunnel safety rankings.

Read more:

• Optimum Safety in Tunnels and Special Hazard Buildings
• Distributed Temperature Sensing

Introduction to Distributed Temperature Sensing

Distributed Temperature Sensing Systems (DTS) are optoelectronic devices which measure temperatures by means of optical fibres functioning as linear sensors. Temperatures are recorded along the optical sensor cable, thus not at points, but as a continuous profile. A high accuracy of temperature determination is achieved over great distances.

Measuring Principle - Raman Effect
Physical measurement dimensions, such as temperature or pressure and tensile forces, can affect glass fibres and locally change the characteristics of light transmission in the fibre. As a result of the attenuation of the light in the quartz glass fibres through scattering, the location of an external physical effect can be determined so that the optical fibre can be employed as a linear sensor.

Optical fibres are made from doped quartz glass. Quartz glass is a form of silicon dioxide (SiO2) with amorphous solid structure. Thermal effects induce lattice oscillations within the solid. When light falls onto these thermally excited molecular oscillations, an interaction occurs between the light particles (photons) and the electrons of the molecule. Light scattering, also known as Raman scattering, occurs in the optical fibre. Unlike incident light, this scattered light undergoes a spectral shift by an amount equivalent to the resonance frequency of the lattice oscillation.

The light scattered back from the fibre optic therefore contains three different spectral shares:

• the Rayleigh scattering with the wavelength of the laser source used,
• the Stokes line components with the higher wavelength in which photons are generated, and
• the Anti-Stokes line components with a lower wavelength than the Rayleigh scattering, in which photons are destroyed.

The intensity of the so-called Anti-Stokes band is temperature-dependent, while the so-called Stokes band is practically independent of temperature. The local temperature of the optical fibre is derived from the ratio of the Anti-Stokes and Stokes light intensities.

Measuring Principle - OFDR Technology
Latest DTS evaluation units deploy the method of Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) . The OFDR system provides information on the local characteristic when the backscatter signal detected during the entire measurement time is measured as a function of frequency in a complex fashion, and then subjected to Fourier transformation. The essential benefits of OFDR technology are the quasi continuous wave mode employed by the laser and the narrow-band detection of the optical back scatter signal, whereby a significantly higher signal to noise ratio is achieved than with conventional pulse technology (OTDR). This technical benefit allows the use of affordable semiconductor laser diodes and electronic assemblies for signal averaging.

The optical frequency domain reflectometry has been developed as a high-resolution measurement process for the characterisation of optical wave guides with length dimensions of just a few millimetres. In contrast, its application for the Raman backscatter measurement was introduced and patented by the company LIOS Technology.

Schematic system set up
The temperature measuring system consists of a controller (frequency generator, laser source, optical module, HF mixer, receiver and micro-processor unit) and a quartz glass fibre (fibre optic) as line-shaped temperature sensor.

The design is three-channel, since an additional reference channel is required besides the two measurement channels (Anti-Stokes and Stokes). Corresponding to the OFDR system, the power output of the laser runs through the sinus-shaped frequency starting from a starting frequency in the kilohertz range through the ending frequency in the high megahertz range within a measurement time interval with the help of the High Frequency (HF) modulator. The resulting frequency shift is a direct measurement of the local resolution of the reflectometer. The frequency-modulated laser light is connected to the fibre optic-sensor via the optical module.

The continuously back-scattered Raman light is spectrally filtered in the optical module and converted into electrical signals by means of photo detectors. Then the measurement signals are amplified and mixed in the Low Frequency spectral range (LF range). The Fourier transformation of the averaged LF signals results in the two Raman backscatter curves. The amplitudes of these backscatter curves are proportional to the intensity of the Raman scattering of the viewed location. The fibre temperature along the sensor cable results from the amplitude ratio of the two measurement channels.


High Reliability and Industrial Strength

The semiconductor laser diode has been thoroughly type tested according the Telcordia GR-468 standard. It fulfils telecom standards with a medium lifetime of more than 25 years. The entire system was comprehensively evaluated by various independent international bodies (e.g. the VdS, the association of German asset insurers) including EMC tests as well as endurance tests at accelerated aging environments. Field data of the huge installed base prove the exceptional high reliability of the controllers.

Read more...

Intelligent Well Completion - Special Focus on "World Oil" magazine

Right from the oil industry’s begin­ning, people wanted to know more about the reservoirs that they were exploiting. This included having a more sound un­derstanding about reservoir behaviour and obtaining knowledge on how to optimize hydrocarbon recovery. As it was, and still is, impossible to look directly into a res­ervoir, other ways to obtain information about it needed to be investigated. Direct surface measurements were helpful and are still required today, but downhole sensing quickly became an important topic for reservoir monitoring.

The first sensors were for pressure measurements and then temperature. Nowadays, micro-sensing images a whole ground section in 3D. A lot of in­formation can be derived from relatively easy temperature measurements along the borehole. The advances in fibre op­tics and packaging, and the experience gained over the last five to 10 years, has enabled the industry to deliver low-cost DTS systems. An additional factor has been further development of industry standards and electronics, enabling per­sonnel to build an architecture that al­lows data flow from the well to the pro­duction technologist’s desk.


Reprinted from: World Oil,  May 2007 issue, pgs 37–44.


Read more:

	Download complete "World Oil" article on permanent downhole temperature sensing
	Oil and gas well optimisation and reservoir performance improvement

On-line registrations for CIGRE 2010 Session are open

International Council on Large Electric Systems

Over 80 years back, and every two years since, CIGRE has brought together electrical engineers from all over the World for a unique event - the CIGRE Session. The reason for the ever growing audience of CIGRE has always been and continues to be the high quality of papers presented and the topical interest of the subjects discussed, of direct concern for the Power Industry. In 2008 the number of attendees increased beyond expectations to reach the record figure of 3000 Delegates.

On-line registrations for CIGRE 2010 Session are open

Session 2010 Paris, France. 22 - 27 August 2010




Should you wish to attend the CIGRE Conference and benefit from early bird rates, you should register before 30/04/2010.

From 01/05 to 31/07/2010 - Registrations: fee 2

From 01/08/2010 - Registrations: fee 3

See for the General Programme, the Technical Programme and Accommodation information CIGRE website.

What you must know about the CIGRE Session?

An event designed to meet the expectations of each and everyone

• Monday dedicated to 2 Panels on broad topics: “The Need for increased Intelligence in Power Systems”; “Large disturbances”.
• Tuesday to Friday: 16 “Discussion Meetings” – 4 parallel sessions each day.
• Tuesday to Thursday: 6 “Poster Sessions” are scheduled for Delegates to meet with paper authors.
• A Technical Exhibition in the same location.
• A unique opportunity to interact with more than 4400 delegates and visitors from all over the world, managers and experts from all sectors of the Power Industry.

Discussion Meetings run on a “Special Reporter” System

• The CD-Rom of Session Papers (approx. 400) is forwarded to the Delegates. For fruitful discussions Delegates are strongly encouraged to read the Papers before the Session as these
• Papers are not presented by their authors, but discussed in Discussion Meetings.
• Discussion Meetings are organized on the basis of a “Special Report” which incorporates the gist of the Session Papers and raises a number of questions for discussion.
• Intended speakers prepare their contributions on the basis of the questions raised (to be sent in a few days in advance or handed in the day before discussion).
• Contributors are required to meet with Chairmen of Discussion Meetings the day before Discussion.
• For each Discussion Meeting a “Daily Summary of Discussions” is issued and available the next day.

To make the most of the Session

• Take a look at the Technical Programme posted on www.cigre.org, links “Events”, “Sessions”
• Register early so as to have time to read the Papers well ahead of the event
• See the Special Reports on the web
• If you plan to present a contribution, prepare it as explained in the “Guide for Discussion Contributors” posted on the web.

What is CIGRE?

CIGRE (International Council on Large Electric Systems) is one of the leading worldwide Organizations on Electric Power Systems, covering their technical, economic, environmental, organisational and regulatory aspects.

A permanent, non-governmental and non-profit International Association, based in France, CIGRE was founded in 1921 and aims to:

• Facilitate and develop the exchange of engineering knowledge and information, between engineering personnel and technical specialists in all countries as regards generation and high voltage transmission of electricity.
• Add value to the knowledge and information exchanged by synthesizing state-of-the-art and world practices.
• Make managers, decision-makers and regulators aware of the synthesis of CIGRE's work, in the area of electric power.

More specifically, issues related to planning and operation of power systems, as well as design, construction, maintenance and disposal of HV equipment and plants are at the core of CIGRE's mission. Problems related to protection of power systems, telecontrol, telecommunication equipment and information systems are also part of CIGRE's area of concern.

TO BE NOTED:

• The general rule is for participants to register with their National Committee (the list of the 22 National Committees handling registrations is available on the CIGRE website, link "What you must know about the registration process").
• As from 1st January 2010 CIGRE is no longer liable to VAT; hence a 0% VAT rate applies for CIGRE services, i.e. Session registrations, publications purchased, membership fees: all tariffs are VAT free, for all countries.
  It is recalled that according to European Union regulations the VAT reference number (when there is one) must be supplied as it is mandatory for it to appear on all invoices.

Thank you in advance for your participation in the CIGRE 2010 Session and we look forward to meeting you in Paris (22 > 27 August).

Please forward this note to your colleagues and all persons who may be interested in the conference subjects.

Integrated Condition Monitoring for High Voltage Cables: Direct link to SCADA / substation automation

The intrinsic temperature measuring system DTS based on LIOS Technology’s design, with fibre optic sensors either installed within the power cable’s cross section (FIMT - Fibre in metal tube ) or attached to the exterior of the cable, makes it possible to record the temperature profile along an entire cable route continuously, and to pinpoint the exact location of hot spots within a metre.

Most commonly the measured temperature profile data is transmitted via standard interfaces from systems of the DTS as required, and be either displayed or further processed by PC, PLC or SCADA systems. As a result of the increasing demands placed on the ability to network and integrate measuring systems into management systems, LIOS offers network components that summarise DTS data from several DTS units and transport or convert it to the required network standards and protocols like Modbus, DNP3, IEC60870-5 or XML based data interfaces (e.g. POSC).

Equipped with the Embedded Communication Module (ECM) the Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) evaluation unit is accessible by Ethernet/ LAN, holds its own IP address and is compatible with DHCP.
The on-board storage facility of measurement data provides automatic buffering of network break downs. It can handle multiple protocols, so the DTS can be directly linked to PLC or SCADA systems and communicates in various industrial protocol standards providing measured data and customised alarm information.
Hereby, the evaluation unit communicates as a TCP /IP server with several clients.

Features of the embedded communication module of the LIOS DTS controller:

• Configuration and operation of the DTS via two independent channels:
  
  
  • RS232
  • Ethernet TCP/IP
  
  
• Onboard storage of measurement data
  
  
  • Buffers up to 72 hours of measurement data and initiates data transfer automatically after communication link was re-established
  • Individual file access to measurement data through CHARON_02 (onboard data storage 1 GB)
  
  
• Allows to operate individual Plug-In-Interfaces for customer specific protocol solutions
  
  
  • The DTS can communicate in parallel with its proprietary protocol and one or more customer specific protocols like DNP3, IEC60870-5-104, IEC61850, POSC WITSML, Modbus (Master/Slave) etc.
  • Individual assignments for protocols and client addresses (IP) possible
  
  
• Ethernet communication to and from clients with high bandwidth
• Module comes with built-in user configurable Firewall and enables reliable operation even in WAN’s
• Secure data transmission and individual authorisation according TLS- Standard (RFC 2246)

The most common industrial protocols used in electrical systems worldwide are introduced in the following section. However, also other protocol standards are available or can be implemented for the ECM. Please contact us in case of questions.

MODBUS
The MODBUS protocol was published by Modicon in 1979. It is a quite simple single master – multiple slave protocol widely used in general purpose SCADA applications. It provides binary (bit) and 16-bit integer data, but no floating point values, polled by the master, i.e. the slave cannot send data spontaneously. The protocol specification is openly published and royalty-free. In the DTS ECM, TCP/IP is used as transport layer.

IEC 60870-5
IEC 60870-5 provides a communication profile for sending basic Telecontrol messages between systems. It was developed by the IEC Technical Committee 57 (Working Group 03) as a protocol standard for Telecontrol, Teleprotection, and associated telecommunications for electric power systems. The result of this work is IEC 60870-5. The protocol provides inter alia bit, integer and floating point data with or without time stamps. Data is transmitted from controlled stations (slaves) either by polling or spontaneously. In the ECM the IEC 60870-5-104 companion standard, defining standard TCP/IP connections as transport layer, is used.

DNP3
DNP3 (Distributed Networking Protocol) is an open standard managed by the DNP User Group. Initially; the DNP3 protocol was developed by Westronic (now GE-Harris) in 1993. It is widely used in electrical systems worldwide, including North and South America, the UK, Southeast Asia, South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. It has gained wider use beyond electrical utilities, e.g. for water supply as well. The DNP3 protocol is also referenced in IEEE Std. 1379-2000, which recommends a set of best practices for implementing modern SCADA Master-RTU/IED communication links.
The protocol provides bit, integer and floating point data and time stamps. Data is transmitted from the outstation (slave) either by polling or spontaneously. The ECM uses TCP/IP as transport layer, but even in this mode the DNP3 protocol additionally uses its own protocol stack for synchronisation and error checking. This provides extra security.

Containment Integrity Monitoring Solutions for LNG Carriers

LNG Carrier

LIOS Technology distributed temperature measurement system (DTS-System) is suited ideally to detect reliably and to locate precisely any temperature anomaly caused by an accidental release of LNG. Our innovative and patented OFDR evaluation method enables the determination of a continuous temperature profile along the entire length of an optical fibre offering thousand of data points at a single measurement. Based on our expert knowledge and our impressive record of safety installations we have developed suitable alarm processing algorithm to detect temperature events fast, reliably and precisely. Also multiple temperature events are identified and pinpointed simultaneously allowing the operator to initiate proper counter measures rapidly.
With the capability to use multiple optical channels and a measurement range of  several kilometres per channel the LIOS Technology DTS system is a cost - sensitive solution for an entire cryogenic supervision including containments, foundations, pumps and piping.  The system supplies precise temperature information which facilitates the control of cool-down operations like load- and unload procedures. Additionally an optional loop set-up of the sensor cable enables a redundant operation of the system. Consequently the entire measurement length keeps maintained in case of single fibre break.  Summarized the operator takes the following benefit from using LIOS Technology DTS system:

• Full information of containment integrity – everywhere at any time
• Significantly reduced off-times due to exact pinpointing of leaks
• Enabling effective and automatic counter measures
• Fast detection of slow leaks as well as sudden leaks
• Better control of load and unload procedures (cool-down operations)
• Maximum safety of people, assets and environment
• Redundant operation thanks to loop set-up of the sensor cable
• Reduced installation efforts – additional wiring is not required
• Low maintenance efforts and cost
• Long lifetime

  Read more:

	LNG and LPG Containment Integrity Monitoring Solutions
	Information centre for LNG operations

The ideal sensor embedded in power cables: Fibre In Metal Tube (FIMT)

The optical fibre serves as the distributed temperature sensor for LIOS DTS systems and is typically surrounded by a protective layer. It is preferably encased in a stainless steel tube which significantly increases the mechanical stability of the sensor. Fibre encapsulated in stainless steel tube or short “Fibre In Metal Tube (FIMT)” is a hermetically sealed rugged construction for very long lengths of optical fibres. Furthermore, it is particularly effective in protecting against the hydrostatic pressures, high temperature effects and corrosive environments.
The inside of the FIMT metallic tube may lined with gel to ensure that the sensor cable remains permanently water-proof. This viscous gel protects the fibres from many environmental concerns, prevents damage from microbending conditions and helps to minimize the forces applied during spooling and deployment.
An important parameter to consider with FIMT is the Excess Fibre Length. It is defined by the percentage of excess fibre loaded into the metal tube during processing to relieve induced stresses directly related to the differing thermal coefficient of expansions of each material contained in the construction. FIMT is exposed to drastic and often rapid changes in temperature and pressure, so the Excess Fibre Length must be considered to ensure continuous, robust performance across all operational conditions.
FIMT constructions contain individual or multiple fibres (single mode or multi mode) and are available in sizes ranging from 1 mm to 3 mm outer diameter, variations in effective wall thickness are possible as well. FIMT serves as the core for various fibre optic sensor cable constructions or may be integrated into high voltage cable designs directly.
The FIMT is manufactured from a special stainless steel strip. During the manufacturing process this strip is formed to a tube and welded along its length. The stainless steel tubes must be hermetically sealed for all applications. For this reason the complete weld seam is subjected to a leak proof test by means of eddy current. By means of a drawing process the desired final diameter is attained on the one hand and an increase in strength through cold conversion on the other. During the manufacturing process the optical fibres are inserted into the tube. They are clearly differentiated by means of a specific colour code. At the end of the production process the tubes are subjected to a complete optical attenuation measurement and then documented for back-tracing. Additionally, each length produced is subjected to a weld penetration test, each weld seam undergoes a leak test, and the Excess Fibre Length is checked.
LIOS offers a variety of FIMT constructions perfectly suitable for distributed temperature sensing applications along power cable transmission systems.

Reliable Energy Supply for the city of Graz, Austria

In order to improve the energy supply for the city of Graz, CCC GmbH Berlin installed new cable connections across the town between the transformer stations of Graz-South and Graz-West. The entire underground engineering, i.e. the joint base installation mand complete trenching construction was built by STEWEAG-STEG GmbH. The new cable installation is one of the city’s main transmission lines and is heavily loaded. In order to optimize the transmission performance and to guarantee its secure reliability, the cable installation has been equipped with large scale cross-bonding systems at its sheath. In addition, by the help of the LIOS Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) system, the level of backup capacity can be assessed. These optical fibres can monitor the cable temperature along the trench and have been integrated into the sheath area of the cable.

Highlights

• 110 kV high-voltage power cables between transformer stations Graz-South and Graz-West
• 3 cable lines with a length of 3,2 km each (total 9,6 km cable),one of which is equipped for the entire distance of 3,2 km with integrated optical fibres in a steel tube integrated in the copper screen of the HV-cable for temperature monitoring (DTS)
• 18 sets of accessories
• Cross-bonding system in order to maximize transmission performance
• During the planning period numerous calculations for currentcarrying capacity were carried out in order to judge the influenceof crossing long-distance heating lines.
• Direct DTS data interface for temperature and operational data into the overall SCADA system of STEWEAG-STEG (Fernwirkanlage STEWEAG-STEG) using protocol IEC 60870-5-104

NKT group to decrease emission of CO2 by 12 percent over three years

“Recycling and the environment have been an integral part of NKT’s working agenda for many years. But our ambition is to be even greener,” says NKT’s CTO Søren Isaksen.

Over the next three years NKT will cut corporate carbon emission by a further 12%. The announcement of this specific target is a direct result of NKT’s decision last year to join the Carbon Disclosure Project.

“When submitting our first report to the Carbon Disclosure Project we could see that we had actually exceeded our own expectations. In the period 2001 to 2008, in our cable business, we reduced CO2 emission relative to output by 48%. So we feel we are already well on the way,” says Søren Isaksen, Chief Technology Officer for the NKT Group.

“However, this does not prevent NKT from setting new targets,” stresses Søren Isaksen. “In future, the ability to document carbon dioxide emission will be an important competitive parameter. Just as we impose demands on our suppliers, our customers impose demands on us. In this way, all players in the supply chain influence the environmental and carbon balance sheets.”

For more information on the Carbon Disclosure Project see:

• Carbon Disclosure Project to assess world business CO2 footprint


• Carbon Disclosure Project


• NKT lowers CO2 emission

Electricity for all, the smart way – visit LIOS at Power Indonesia 2009

LIOS Technology GmbH- Linear Optical Sensors is pleased to invite you to attend Power Indonesia 2009 - the 14th International Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution Exhibition, taking place 14-17 October at the Jakarta International Expo, Kemayoran.

Booth number: A340

In cooperation with our partner Anugrah Mitra International & Anugrah Mira Nusantara we proudly present continuous and cost-effective monitoring solutions for the electric transmission and distribution grid, which are the essential success factors of Smart Grid implementations.

The LIOS DTS product line comprises a range of real-time fibre optic based linear temperature measuring devices (Distributed Temperature Sensing, DTS). LIOS offers Real Time Thermal Rating/ Dynamic Cable Rating (RTTR/ DCR) solutions for ampacity predictions of the power cable and overhead transmission line installation transparently integrated with its field proven DTS systems.

The Electric Indonesia Series 2009 provides a one stop shop for the major elements in the development of the country's electrical sector. For power generation, transmission and distribution Power Indonesia is South East Asia‘s most comprehensive exhibition.
This year over 600 companies from 34 countries will participate showing the huge potential in Indonesia’s Power and Electric Industries. Regional & National Pavilions from Taiwan, Korea, Germany, Czech Republic, Spain, Italy, Singapore, UK, and China will showcase the latest technology and equipment to help meet the countries huge demand for additional power.
Under its vision "Electricity for all", the Government is currently planning to increase power generation by 35,000MW by 2015 at an investment of over US$40Billion.

We look forward to seeing you in Jakarta!

Read more:

	For more information on Power Indonesia 2009 click here
	Distributed temperature monitoring of power cables